The benefits of learning the hard way, having obstacles to overcome is what helps children to build resilience, to develop coping skills to deal with things that are difficult. Children need to learn through trial and error — this worked, this didn’t work. But with no suffering, you build no skills. Eventually an overprotected child will grow into an adult and face adult problems: “I’m having trouble getting a job.” “I didn’t get accepted to that program I wanted.” “That guy didn’t ask me to marry him.” Whatever it is, if you have no tools in your armory for coping with disappointment, for struggling and persevering, then you’re in trouble. I think that kind of lack of resilience — the feeling of being overwhelmed as an adult and unable to cope — often ends in depression. Another problem is that parents often want to sort of enjoy childhood all over again through the eyes of their kids, but when you blur the boundaries, because it’s fun to sort of be a teen with your teenager, it can lead to over-identification. Wanting to protect a child from suffering is also the reason why some parents tend to be very poor disciplinarians, if you are very identified with your child then it’s painful to discipline them because you are standing so much in their shoes that you feel like you are disciplining yourself. Having parents who set limits enables kids to internalize their own moral compass, they learn to say to themselves some form of, “No, I really can’t do that; that’s my limit.” If you didn’t provide any of this kind of training, it’s going to be harder for them to set limits for themselves. Helicopter parenting is problematic because an overprotected child will grow into an adult and face adult problems: A child needs to develop tools for coping with disappointment and for struggling and persevering.