Certain breeds are particularly prone to weight gain, meaning their owners need to be especially careful. Eight breeds showed increased risk of overweight status compared with crossbred dogs: Pug (x 3.12), Beagle (x 2.67), Golden Retriever (x 2.58), English Springer Spaniel (x 1.98), Border Terrier (x 1.72), Labrador Retriever (x 1.70), Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (x 1.50) and Cocker Spaniel (x 1.32). Camilla Pegram, VetCompass™ Epidemiologist at the RVC, and author of the paper, said, “Whilst veterinary professionals and owners should focus efforts on obesity prevention strategies in all dogs, those identified at high-risk, such as Pugs, Beagles and Golden Retrievers, may need a more targeted approach.” Dr Eleanor Raffan, Associate Lecturer in Systems Physiology, at the University of Cambridge, and co-author of the paper, added, “Where breed increases risk of a problem, it means genes are likely to be at least in part to blame and our previous work suggests that genetics drives a high appetite in some breeds.
The study also highlighted that being “neutered and middle-aged” were associated with increasing chances of dogs being overweight. Dogs aged 6 to < 9 (years) had the highest risk of overweight status (x 2.99) compared with dogs < 3. Neutered males had the highest risk (x 1.90) compared with entire females.
Dr Dan O’Neill, Senior Lecturer, Companion Animal Epidemiology, at the RVC, and co-author of the paper, said, “To defeat your enemy, you need to know your enemy. Obesity is the enemy of the health of our dogs. “This new study identifies the breeds and ages of dogs that are most susceptible to obesity; we can use this information to defeat obesity.”