The short answer is no, you should not use human clippers on dogs.
The blades are different Blades for dog clipping have different teeth spacing, different teeth lengths, and are sharper compared to the finer, shorter blades used for human hair.
That fine teeth spacing of a human blade is why human hair clippers usually grab, 'chew' or pull a dog's coat, instead of cutting it (as if the blade is blunt, even when it's sharp).
For puppies in particular, using human hair clippers can cause a negative first experience by pulling the coat and hurting them, which can impact how they feel about being clipped for the rest of their life.
Human hair is different Human hair is much finer and lighter.
All of that combines to being more than what human blades and clippers are made to cope with.
Heat is a concern Human hair clippers only need to run for short periods of time and only need to clip one, small area of the body (our head).
With shorter running times and less hair to cut, blade heat and clipper heat are of minimal concern.
Dog clippers run for a lot longer at a time, and have to clip the entire body, as well as clipping through much denser, thicker hair, so are manufactured differently to reduce overheating.