What are the nutritional requirements for a senior dog?

Typically, we like to see slightly higher protein diets. Protein is a priority. Protein is necessary to build and maintain muscles, and as dogs age, they often stop synthesizing as much protein on their own — increasing the need for it in their diet. If the dog is losing lean body mass then a diet higher in protein may be necessary. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid may be beneficial for dogs with arthritis or related mobility challenges, but high doses are necessary to see improvement. Most dogs become less active as they age, which means they have lower energy requirements. Monitor your dog’s body condition and weigh them on a regular basis to be aware of any significant changes. If your dog is still going for long hikes and is otherwise active every day, there is no need to decrease portions. But if your dog is spending more time lounging at home and starting to gain weight, then it is time to decrease portions or switch to a lower-calorie food. Glucosamine and chondroitin help support your dog's joints, and other options include avocado and soybean unsaponifiables and curcumin. SAMe supports liver health, and omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids can be beneficial for brain function.

A diet to support ageing should contain antioxidants, high quality protein, reduced levels of phophorus which isn't needed in such quantity and can help to reduce the burden on the kidneys, and extra joint support for those ageing bones and joints. As your dog gets older, it’s a good idea to switch over to a diet that is lower in calories. Being less active, often due to joint problems, and having a slower metabolism means that it’s much more difficult for them to burn the calories that they gain from food. Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines on the quantity of food to give your dog and remember to weigh it out to avoid giving them too much. Manufacturer’s guidelines are, as the name suggests, just a guide, so keep an eye on your dog’s size and adjust the amount if you need to. Changing how much and how often they’re fed – Many dogs are used to being fed twice a day, but older dogs may prefer to be fed smaller amounts more frequently. The age a dog is considered to be 'senior' also varies by size and life expectancy , small dogs (up to 10kg) would benefit from nutritional 'senior' support from the age of 12, medium dogs (up 11kg up to 25kg) at the age of 10, and larger dogs (26kg and over) at 8. Always speak to your vet before changing your dog’s diet.